[69] By 2015, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) supplied 60% of world cobalt production, 32,000 tons at $20,000 to $26,000 per ton. Mass of oxygen = 20.00 g - 16.07 g = 3.93 g O. Since there is only one Sr in every compound, the mass will be the same: 87.62g/mol Sr Now divide the molar mass of Sr by each of compounds' masses: [100] Exploration in 2016–2017 included the area around Cobalt, Ontario, an area where many silver mines ceased operation decades ago. Cobalt-60 (Co-60 or 60Co) is useful as a gamma-ray source because it can be produced in predictable amounts with high activity by bombarding cobalt with neutrons. [11], The United States Geological Survey estimates world reserves of cobalt at 7,100,000 metric tons. the Cativa process. = Percent Composition: Total mass of compound (Whole) Example 1. This step-by-step tutorial will show the method to determine the mass percent composition of … [118] In 1780, Sven Rinman discovered cobalt green, and in 1802 Louis Jacques Thénard discovered cobalt blue. [61][62] The temperature stability of these alloys makes them suitable for turbine blades for gas turbines and aircraft jet engines, although nickel-based single-crystal alloys surpass them in performance. It causes respiratory problems when inhaled. 5 5. comments. Each element's contribution is expressed as a percentage of the whole. a) CrO b) CrO2 c) Cr2O2. In MgS, it is ~57% mass S. In BaS, the heaviest 2A element you listed, it is ~19% S. The way to determine this is by dividing the molar mass of sulfur by the molar mass of the compound and multiplying by 100. The IDLH (immediately dangerous to life and health) value is 20 mg/m3. [67][68] Glencore's Katanga Mining project is resuming as well and should produce 300,000 tons of copper and 20,000 tons of cobalt by 2019, according to Glencore.[63]. [99] Cobalt for electric vehicles increased 81% from the first half of 2018 to 7,200 tonnes in the first half of 2019, for a battery capacity of 46.3 GWh. Divide the component's molar mass by the entire molecular mass. The molar mass of of Oxygen and carbon are more or less the same. those of zinc and iron), other cobaltoproteins are known besides B12. The adenosyl version of B12 catalyzes rearrangements in which a hydrogen atom is directly transferred between two adjacent atoms with concomitant exchange of the second substituent, X, which may be a carbon atom with substituents, an oxygen atom of an alcohol, or an amine. During discharge,[clarification needed] the lithium is released as lithium ions. Finding the mass percent requires the molar mass of the elements in the compound in grams/mole or the number of grams used to make a solution. [93], Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) is widely used in lithium-ion battery cathodes. Coenzyme B12 features a reactive C-Co bond that participates in the reactions. Cobalt extracted from small Congolese artisanal mining endeavors in 2007 supplied a single Chinese company, Congo DongFang International Mining. [103], Since child and slave labor have been repeatedly reported in cobalt mining, primarily in the artisanal mines of DR Congo, technology companies seeking an ethical supply chain have faced shortages of this raw material and[104] the price of cobalt metal reached a nine-year high in October 2017, more than US$30 a pound, versus US$10 in late 2015. [92] It is also alloyed with 95% platinum for jewelry, yielding an alloy suitable for fine casting, which is also slightly magnetic. [54] In the deep ocean, cobalt sources are found lying on top of seamounts (which can be large or small) where ocean currents sweep the ocean floor to clear sediment over the span of millions of years allowing them to form as ferromanganese crusts. Divide each element's mass by the mass of the compound to find the percent by mass. The lack of safety precautions frequently causes injuries or death. Glencore's Mutanda Mine shipped 24,500 tons of cobalt in 2016, 40% of Congo DRC's output and nearly a quarter of global production. For a question like this you can actually just 'eyeball' it. In addition they are used as accelerators in polyester resin systems. Cobalt-57 is used as a source in Mössbauer spectroscopy and is one of several possible sources in X-ray fluorescence devices. Cobalt acetate is used to convert xylene to terephthalic acid, the precursor of the bulk polymer polyethylene terephthalate. Cobalt is considered toxic for marine environments at high concentrations. [87] The mayor of Cobalt stated that the people of Cobalt welcomed new mining endeavours and pointed out that the local work force is peaceful and English-speaking, and good infrastructure would allow much easier sourcing of spare parts for the equipment or other supplies than were to be found in conflict zones. ** The percent composition: is the percent by mass of each element in a compound. It is a key constituent of cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, the primary biological reservoir of cobalt as an ultratrace element. The residues are further leached with sulfuric acid, yielding a solution of copper sulfate. 69.58%. 8H2O) and spherocobaltite (CoCO3). The Mukondo Mountain project, operated by the Central African Mining and Exploration Company (CAMEC) in Katanga Province, may be the richest cobalt reserve in the world. [127][128], Nuclear weapon designs could intentionally incorporate 59Co, some of which would be activated in a nuclear explosion to produce 60Co. [146][147], Furthermore, cobalt metal is suspected of causing cancer (i.e., possibly carcinogenic, IARC Group 2B) as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs. The special alloys of aluminium, nickel, cobalt and iron, known as Alnico, and of samarium and cobalt (samarium-cobalt magnet) are used in permanent magnets. Cancel units and calculate. The answer is (3) SrO.The number of Sr is the same so if the compound has the smallest gram formula mass, it has the highest percent composition by mass of strontium. Calculate the mass percent of Cl in freon-114 (C2Cl4F2). Mass percentage is calculated as the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the mixture, multiplied by 100%. Loss of potency requires periodic replacement of the source in radiotherapy and is one reason why cobalt machines have been largely replaced by linear accelerators in modern radiation therapy. Enter the molecular formula of the substance. [112][113] In September 2020, Tesla outlined their plans to make their own, cobalt-free battery cells.[114]. Recent growth in production could at least partly be due to how low mining production fell during DRC Congo's very violent civil wars in the early 2000s, or to the changes the country made to its Mining Code in 2002 to encourage foreign and multinational investment and which did bring in a number of investors, including Glencore. These are subsequently inhaled during tobacco smoking.[49]. The cobalt deficiency was overcome by the development of "cobalt bullets", dense pellets of cobalt oxide mixed with clay given orally for lodging in the animal's rumen. [138], In the early 20th century, during the development of farming on the North Island Volcanic Plateau of New Zealand, cattle suffered from what was termed "bush sickness". Für nähere Informationen zur Nutzung Ihrer Daten lesen Sie bitte unsere Datenschutzerklärung und Cookie-Richtlinie. 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